Virginia Apgar
APGAR Birth Prognosis Score
Introduction APGAR stands for: Activity Pulse Grimace Appearance Respiration Co-incidentally this is also the exact last name of the anaesthetist who developed the score in the 1950s - Virginia Apgar.…
Scoring systemis in medicine
ASA Physical Status Classification System
System to assess the fitness of patients before surgery Status 1: Healthy patient Status 2: Mild systemic disease Status 3: Severe systemic disease Status 4: Severe systemic disease that is…
Scoring systemis in medicine
CURB-65 Score
CURB-65 The severity of community-acquired pneumonia can be assessed by using the CURB-65 score (1 point for each): Confusion Urea >7mmol/L Respiratory rate ≥ 30/min BP < 90 systolic and/or 60mmHg…
Scoring systemis in medicine
HAS-BLED score for anticoagulation
The HAS-BLED tool is often used to assess a patient's bleeding risk before starting the use of anticoagulation - particularly in relation to atrial fibrillation. It is often used in…
Scoring systemis in medicine
Hepatic Encephelopathy
West Haven criteria for grading hepatic encephalopathy Grade 1: Trivial lack of awareness. Impaired attention span. Altered sleep, euphoria or depression. Mild asterixis may be present. Grade 2: Lethargy or…
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MRC Dyspnoea Scale in COPD
Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale in COPD 1: Not troubles by breathlessness except on strenuous exercise. 2: Short of breath when hurrying or walking up a slight hill. 3: Walks…
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NYHA Heart Failure Classification
New York (NYHA) classification of heart failure Class I (Mild): Heart disease present, but no undue dyspnoea from ordinary activity. Class II (Mild): Comfortable at rest; dyspnoea on ordinary activities.…
Scoring systemis in medicine
PERC score
The PERC score can be used as a screening tool in patients with a low clinical likelihood of pulmonary embolism - to assess if there is a need for further work-up,…
Scoring systemis in medicine
RIFLE criteria for assessing AKI (Acute Kidney Injury)
Class Serum Creatinine/ GFR Urine Output Risk in Serum Creatinine x 1.5 or GFR ¯ >25% <0.5 ml/kg/hr – more than 6 hours Injury in Serum Creatinine x…
Scoring systemis in medicine
TNM Staging System
The TNM staging system is used in the evaluation of many cancers. Each individual cancer has its own slight variation on the system, however, it is universally applicable in its…