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Overview of Diuretics

Diuretics are commonly used medications for a variety of conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, cirrhosis and other conditions. Diuretics can affect electrolyte balance as they interfere with the control of renal function. This is especially true when diuretics are used in combination.

Managing diuretics

It is common for a patient on diuretics to become hypokalaemic. This is dangerous because it predisposes to arrhythmias. It may also precipitate encephalopathy in those with liver failure.
You can reduce the risk by taking potassium chloride supplements, or by taking potassium sparing diuretics. The KCl supplements have to be taken in large quantities, which irritates the stomach.
However, the risk posed by hypokalaemia is often overrated by clinciains, and as such, potassium sparing diuretics and potassium supplements are often given when they are not needed. It is best to give them only in at risk patients.
The risk of hypokalaemia is greatest in:

Uses of diuretics

References

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