Acoustic Neuroma
ENT Tumours
In this article we look at some common types of ENT tumours. Acoustic Neuroma / Vestibular Schwannoma Acoustic Neuromas (AN), or as they should be called, vestibular schwannomas are tumours…
Epistaxis
Epistaxis
Introduction Most nosebleeds arise from little’s area on the nasal septum. Five arteries anastomose to form little’s area: Anterior Ethmoid Artery Posterior Ethmoid Artery Sphenopalatine Artery Great Palatine Artery Superior…
Face in pain
Facial Pain
Sinusitis Clinical features Dull constant aching pain over the maxillary sinus Tenderness over underlying skin Postnasal drip Ethmoid/sphenoid a pain felt deep in the midline at the root of the…
Audiology hearing test showing hearing loss. Image by by OpalMirror is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0
Hearing Loss in Adults
Common causes External meatus blocked by wax Presbyacusis Sensorineural hearing loss Presbyacusis Loss of hair cells on cochlear as increase in age Audiogram; High frequencies lost first, low frequencies stay…
child having hearing test. Image byby viralbus is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0
Hearing Loss In Children
Introduction Hearing loss in children is particularly important due to the effects on developing language and speech and performance in school. Hearing aids should be fitted early if severe deafness is…
Anatomy of structures in the neck. This file is taken from wikimedia commons and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Neck and Thyroid Exam
Introduction Examination of the neck is an important skills for assessing lumps and masses in the neck. Lumps in the neck are most commonly caused by the thyroid gland or…
Otalgia
Causes Causes of Otalgia Local Causes Causes of Referred Pain Acute otitis externa Acute otitis media Furunculosis Barotrauma Ramsay Hunt Syndrome Neoplasia Perichondritis Myringitis Children Tonsillitis Dental disease / teething…
Image showing discharge from the external auditory meatus indicative of otitis externa. This file is taken from wikimedia commons and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Otitis Externa
Introduction Acute otitis externa (AOE) is an infection of the external ear canal. It is a common presentation in general practice. It is occasionally known as "swimmer's ear" due to…
An example of otitis media. Note how the tympanic membrane is bulging outwards towards the viewer, that there is no light reflex, and that TM appears dull and is white coloured (this reflect pus behind the TM). This file is taken from wikimedia commons and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.
Otitis Media
Introduction Otitis Media is an umbrella term that can refer to several subtypes of middle ear infection and inflammation; acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, and chronic suppurative otitis media.…
An audiogram showing hearing loss in the left ear due to previous loud noise exposure. Note the "notch" pattern which is consistent with this type of hearing loss.
Overview of Hearing Loss
Introduction Hearing loss can be: Sensorineural Conductive Mixed Hearing loss is quantified by audiological assessment and the production of an audiogram which quotes air and bone hearing thresholds in dB.…