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Mitral Regurgitation

Introduction

Mitral regurgitation can be cause be either a primary valve disorder, or can be secondary to left ventricular dysfunction.

In the developed world, most cases are due to degenerative mitral valve disease or coronary artery disease. In the developing world and amongst indigenous populations in developed countries, rheumatic heart disease remains a common cause.

Mitral regurgitation eventually overloads the left ventricle, leading to heart failure, but there is often a long asymptomatic period as the condition progresses before it reaches this point. Left ventricular size and function are often used to assess the extent of mitral regurgitation disease.

The heart during systole indicating mitral regurgitation

Causes

Rule of two’s

Heart

Infective

Connective Tissue Disorders

Appetite Suppressants        

Signs

 
Hang on a minute! – the blood in mitral regurgitation is flowing away from the axilla – why does the sound radiate to the axilla?
 

Symptoms

Signs of any valve defect

 
 

Investigations

 
 

Management

Valve replacement

References

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