Shoulder Examination
Introduction The shoulder is a ball and socket joint with a wide range of movement. The joint is somewhat unusual, in that the "socket" (glenoid) is very shallow, and as-such,…
SLE – Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Introduction SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease, similar to systemic sclerosis, RA, and mixed connective tissue disease. Often, symptoms of these diseases overlap. In cases where…
X-ray of advanced ankylosing spondylitis
Spondyloarthritides (ankylosing spondylitis)
Introduction Spondyloarthritis is the 3rd main type of arthritis, after osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthritis (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Spondyloarthritis mainly affects the vertebral column in the form of ankylosing spondylitis, but…
Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)
Introduction Systemic sclerosis aka Scleroderma is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder. Other similar diseases include SLE, RA, Sjogren’s syndrome and mixed connective tissue disease. There is a lot of overlap in…