Hip Examination
The hip is another ball and socket joint, but has reduced levels of movement compared to the shoulder. The joint’s main role is weight bearing. Inspection Ask the patient if…
The hip is another ball and socket joint, but has reduced levels of movement compared to the shoulder. The joint’s main role is weight bearing. Inspection Ask the patient if…
Introduction Knee examination is an important clinical skill, and knee problems are a common presenting complaint to general practice and emergency departments. Knee examination is also a common OSCE station.…
Lumbar Spine The patient will need to expose the spine. Ask them to remove their clothing for their torso (obviously women can keep underwear on). Look From front – are…
Introduction Marfan Syndrome (sometime Marfan’s Syndrome, MFS) is a genetic (autosomal dominant) connective tissue disorder. Marfan syndrome is the most common connective tissue disorder. It is associated with characteristic malformation…
Introduction Mechanical back pain (aka non-specific back pack, sometimes previously termed lumbago) is a term used to describe musculoskeletal lower back pain. It is extremely common, with about 80% of…
Introduction Osteoarthritis is a condition that results from the loss of cartilage at synovial joints, and is often accompanied by degeneration of the underlying bone. Radiologically there can be visible:…
Introduction Psoriasis is a a common chronic inflammatory skin condition, characterised by raised, red, itchy, scaly plaques on the skin. With treatment, it often follows a relapsing and remitting course,…
Introduction Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition which affects the skin and joints. It is sometimes referred to as one of the spondyloarthritides (inflammatory arthritis that is seronegative for rheumatoid factor…
Introduction Reactive arthritis is an acute form of spondyloarthritis associated with sexually transmitted infection (STI) and acute diarrhoea. It occurs shortly after the initial infection, although the reactive arthritis itself is…
Introduction RA is a type of inflammatory arthritis. Other examples include seronegative spondyarthritides, reactive arthritis, lyme arthritis, crystal arthritis and postviral arthritis. Features of inflammatory arthritis Pain and stiffness worse…