Introduction Syphilis (aka venereal disease or venereal syphilis) is a contagious (usually sexually transmitted) disease caused by the spirochaete bacterium – treponema pallidum. Transmission is either by sexual contact, or congenital via spread…
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) of which there are three types that infect humans: M. tuberculosis - by far the most common type M.…
Introduction Tetanus is a bacterial infection caused by clostridium tetani, which causes involuntary muscle spasm, and if untreated, is fatal in about 10% of cases. The bacterium is widespread in the natural…
Introduction Tonsillitis is an acute inflammation of the tonsils, usually secondary to an infect. It is a common cause of sore throat, and a common reason for presentation to General…
Introduction Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii, whose main reservoir is in cats, although it can infect most mammals. In humans, it can cause an…
Introduction Trichomoniasis is a parasitic protozoan infection, the result of infection with the flagellated anaerobic trichomonas vaginalis. This is the most common protozoan infection in the developed world It is…
Organism Salmonella typhi Incubation: 10-21 days Transmission Through food or water contaminated by faeces or urine of carrier Epidemiology Highest incidence ages 5-19 1% become chronic carriers Pathogenesis Causes a…
Organism Rickettsiae = obligate intracellular bacterial parasite Incubation: 2-23 days Transmission Carried by host anthropods Pathogenesis Widespread vasculitis and endothelial proliferation may affect any organ Thrombotic occlusion may lead to…
Introduction Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) account for up to 80% of all respiratory tract infections in children. The rest are due to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) - mainly…
Hepatitis is liver disease characterised by the presence of immune cells within the liver. Viral Hepatitis Many viruses are able to infect the liver, some of these will only affect…