This article includes a summary of the several common locations of nerve entrapment and their symptoms NERVE SYMPTOMS MUSCLE WEAKNESS/WASTING AREA SENSORY LOSS MEDIAN (at wrist) Carpal tunnel syndrome Pain and…
This article includes a summary and comparison of the most common neurodegenerative diseases; Parkinson's disease, Motor Neuron Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. Disease Epidemiology and Aetiology Pathology Onset and Progression Clinical…
There are two types of neurofibromatosis, both inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, although some cases arise from spontaneous mutation. It results in benign tumours of the nervous system and…
Introduction Neuropathic pain is pain caused by injury or disease of the peripheral or central nervous system. Sometimes colloquially called “nerve irritation pain”. It is one of the major causes…
Summary Epidemiology Mean age of onset between 45-60 Prevalence is 0.5-1% of the over 60’s in the UK 2nd most common neurodegenerative disease (after Alzheimer's) Aetiology Parkinsonism is most commonly…
Introduction All peripheral nerves are myelinated, except C fibres – which carry information about pain. These C fibres are sometimes called ‘slow fibres’ because the signal travels slowly due to…
For a really good demonstration of how this works, see Eye simulator V2.0 Physiology There are two nerves involved in pupillary responses: Optic Nerve (II) – this is the afferent…
Physiology of sleep Normal Sleep is divided into two main stages: NREM: (non-rapid eye movement) There are four sub-stages of NREM: Stage 1 - Stage 4 Characterized as: No eye movement…
Expressive dysphasia People understand commands, but are unable to find the words to respond appropriately. To test for this, ask them to do basic motor tasks (e.g. close eyes), put…
Introduction Spina Bidifa is a neural tube defect that results from a defect in the closure of the neural tube (which goes to form the spinal column) during embryological development. Anatomically, this…