Summary Summary table of Crohn's disease vs Ulcerative Colitis. Crohn’s UC Incidence 5-10 per 100 000 10 to 20 per 100 000 Mean age of onset 26 Can also…
Introduction Enuresis (involuntary urination) in children often occurs at night, with or without daytime features. It can be divided into primary enuresis (has always had enuresis) and secondary enuresis (was…
This article provides a very brief overview of abdominal examination. For a detailed walkthrough, please see the Abdominal Examination article Introduction Wash hands Check patient name/DOB/hospital number Introduce- “My name is…”…
Introduction Intussusception is a condition affecting children where-by one section of bowel will ‘telescope’ inside an adjacent section, resulting in bowel obstruction, and if left untreated - bowel ischaemia. Usually…
Introduction Iron studies are indicated in patients with anaemia, particularly those with microcytic anaemia. They may also be indicated in microcytosis (without anaemia), general lethargy and tiredness and malnutrition. Iron…
Introduction Large bowel obstruction causes a less severe disease than small small bowel obstruction Symptoms are more gradual in onset There are often loud borborygmi (normal bowel sounds) Rectum is…
Introduction Almost every patient admitted to hospital will have their liver function tested, along with a full blood count, urea and electrolytes and glucose. Liver function tests (LFTs) are also…
Function The two roles of the liver are: Processing of absorbed materials Excretion of unwanted products and secretion of stuff to help with fat digestion Structure The liver is divided…
Introduction Obstructive Jaundice is a fairly common presentation to the emergency department and surgical teams. The most common cause is gallstones. You may also want to read about Gallstones and…
Summary There are 4 types of oesophageal tumour; adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, leiomyoma and squamous papilloma. Squamous cell and adenocarcinoma are by far the most common. Squamous cell carcinoma Epidemiology…