Gram Staining Gram staining is a method of staining used to classify bacteria into two main categories; gram-positive and gram-negative. It was developed by the Danish scientist Hans Christian Gram in…
Gram Staining Gram staining is a method of staining used to classify bacteria into two main categories; gram-positive and gram-negative. It was developed by the Danish scientist Hans Christian Gram in…
Aetiology and Epidemiology Hepatitis A is most common hepatitis virus. It is often seen in epidemics (usually in children), and most commonly occurs in the autumn Often found in communities…
Introduction Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver, caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is the most common cause of hepatitis worldwide, and there are believed to…
Introduction First discovered in 1989, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is blood-borne form of viral hepatitis. The incubation period is 6-9 weeks. Transmission is usually via blood products or vertical…
Overview Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a virus that requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its replication - and as such it is only possible to contract HDV if you…
Introduction Hepatits E is an inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). Hepatitis E is clinically similar to Hepatitis A. Many cases are asymptomatic. There are…
Introduction Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is transmitted by direct skin to skin contact. There are two types of herpes simplex virus: Type I – usually causes oral lesions, but can…
Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was first identified in 1983. Left untreated, it causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). In the developed world its spread is relatively limited, and modern treatment…
Routine Immunisations UK vaccination schedule as of March 2020 Age Diseases Vaccines 8 weeks (2 months) Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis PolioMeningitis B Rotavirus Hib PneumococcusHep B DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB (Infanrix hexa) Pneumococcal Conjugate vaccine…