Introduction Asthma is a chronic lung condition in which there is chronic inflammation of the airways, and hypersensitivity of the airways. Symptoms include wheeze, cough, chest tightness and SOB (dyspnoea).…
Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common tachycardia. It can be caused by many other underlying illnesses, especially in the acutely unwell patient (such as sepsis, pneumonia, hyperthyroidism or other illness)…
Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome is a relatively common disorder, which can be unilateral or bilateral, caused by compression of the median nerve at the level of the wrist, as it…
Introduction A cataract is an opacification of the lens of the eye. Cataracts tend to cause gradual loss of visual acuity, with normal pupillary response. Cataracts are the most common…
Introduction Cystic fibrosis is the most common life-limiting inherited disease in Caucasians. It is caused by a genetic mutation that alters mucus production, resulting in a more viscous solution. It…
Introduction Dementia is a progressive global decline cognitive function, without impairment of consciousness. It is typically defined as a syndrome secondary to one or more of multiple causes, rather than a…
Introduction Dyslipidaemia (often interchangeably used with hyperlipidaemia) describes raised levels of cholesterol in the blood. This is significant because it is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The lipid hypothesis…
Introduction Atopic eczema (aka atopic dermatitis) is a common, chronic, inflammatory skin condition that presents as a poorly demarcated, itchy red rash. It typically affects the skin folds, especially in…
Introduction Endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial, or endometrial like tissue grows outside of the uterus. Although in the vast majority of cases the endometriosis is located within the…
Introduction Fibroids are also known as leiomyomata. They are benign tumours of the myometrium and are very common, affecting in 1 in 25 women. Risk factors include a family history,…