The Anion Gap

Introduction The anion gap is a tool used to: Confirm that an acidosis is metabolic Narrow down the cause of a metabolic acidosis Monitor the progress of treatment In a…

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The Red Eye

Introduction Most acute ophthalmological presentations can be divided into three main categories: The painful red eye The sudden painless loss of vision Eye trauma In this article, we consider the…

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Thyroid Carcinoma

Introduction Thyroid nodules are relatively common, and seen in about 5% of the population Only about 5% of thyroid nodules are thyroid cancers Most thyroid cancers are papillary tumours (about 80%) which are…

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TNM Staging System

The TNM staging system is used in the evaluation of many cancers. Each individual cancer has its own slight variation on the system, however, it is universally applicable in its…

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Tonsillitis

Introduction Tonsillitis is an acute inflammation of the tonsils, usually secondary to an infect. It is a common cause of sore throat, and a common reason for presentation to General…

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Understanding ECGs

This article "Understanding ECGs" is part of the almostadoctor ECG series. It provides a basic introduction to ECG waveform, and the practicalities of performing an ECG.  Once you understand the basics…

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Immunisation Schedule – UK

Routine Immunisations UK vaccination schedule as of March 2020 Age Diseases Vaccines 8 weeks (2 months) Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis PolioMeningitis B Rotavirus Hib PneumococcusHep B DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB  (Infanrix hexa) Pneumococcal Conjugate vaccine…

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Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Introduction Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW) is a genetic disorder that allows abnormal conduction to occur in the heart, via an accessory pathway. It is sometimes called a pre-excitation syndrome, and Wolff-Parkinson-White is…

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