Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Introduction Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common presenting problem in general practice Accounts for about 4% of presentations to general practice 20% of women complain of heavy period bleeding –…
Introduction Abnormal uterine bleeding is a common presenting problem in general practice Accounts for about 4% of presentations to general practice 20% of women complain of heavy period bleeding –…
Introduction Antepartum hemorrhage (APH) describes any PV bleeding after 24 weeks gestation . There can be many causes, but the most common are placenta praevia and placental abruption. About 50%…
Introduction APGAR stands for: Activity Pulse Grimace Appearance Respiration Co-incidentally this is also the exact last name of the anaesthetist who developed the score in the 1950s - Virginia Apgar.…
Introduction Bacterial vaginosis is THE most common cause of pathological vaginal discharge. Bacterial vaginosis can be caused by an overgrowth of many types of bacteria, usually anaerobes. There is alos…
Introduction The bimanual examination involves a simultaneous internal and external examination, attempting to feel for a bulky uterus, and cervical tenderness. Explain to patient – I would like to perform…
A caesarian section is major surgery, with real risks, and the decision to perform such an operation should not be taken lightly! Epidemiology Incidence in increasing, mainly due to the…
Introduction Vaginal thrush (vaginal candidiasis) is the most second cause of pathological vaginal discharge (behind bacterial vaginosis), it is not usually sexually transmitted, and is instead the result of fungal…
Introduction When we talk about cervical cancer, we are typically referring to squamous cell carcinoma. This accounts for about 85-95% of cervical cancer. The remainder is caused by adenocarcinoma. Both types…
Introduction Cervical screening programmes have existed in many counties since the late 1980s. They have dramatically reduced the incidence of cervical cancer. In the mid 2000's, the advent of vaccines…
Introduction Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) is the most common bacterial STI. It is most common in those <30, and is often asymptomatic. It is simple to test for and to treat. Previous infection…